Bài tập phonetics and phonology có đáp an năm 2024

1. Which of the following groups contains a segment that differs in voicing from the other segments ?

1. [z, d , θ, b ]

1. [ m, n, ŋ , ð ]

1. [ w, j , r, l ]

1. [ b, d, g, z ]

2. Which of the following is closest to the minimal pair?

1. [ fæt ] [ hɪt ] fat – hit

1. [ fæt ] [ væt ] fat - vat

1. [ fæt ] [ kæt ] fat – cat

1. [ fæt ] [ kɪt ] fat – kit

3. Which of the following statements is correct?

All the consonants are produced with

1. an extra puff of the air strongly expelled

1. an obstruction of the airstream [complete or partial]

1. no vibration of the vocal cords

1. vibration of the vocal cords

4. Which of the following statements is correct?

Palato- alveolar is the sound made

1. as a very rapidly articulated non-syllabic segment

1. just behind the alveolar ridge

1. with the identical articulation to that of the long vowel [ i: ]

1. with the tongue at the alveolar ridge

5. Which of the following symbols that corresponds to each of the following phonetic description:

voiced labiodental fricative

1. [ f ] B. [ w ] C. [ ð ] D. [ v ]

6. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1. The phonetic representation of utterances shows what the speakers know about the pronunciation of utterances.

1. The phonemic representation of utterances shows what speakers know about the abstract underlying phonology.

1. The phonemic representation of utterances shows the finer points of the sounds or segments in pronunciation

1. The phonetic representation of utterances shows the non-distinctive features of the sounds.

7. How many segments are there in the sound sequence [ ,ɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl ] artificial?

8. Which of the following assimilatory processes that may happen to the voiced alveolar stop [ g ] in this context: My grandfather has a dog [ maɪ grændˌfɑːðə 'hæz ə 'dɒg ]

1. [ g ] may be devoiced after the vowel [ ɒ ]

1. [ g ] may be devoiced at the end of the word [ dɒg ]

1. [ g ] may be labialised after the vowel [ ɒ ]

1. [ g ] may be voiced at the end of the word [ dɒg ]

9. Which of the following symbols that corresponds to each of the following phonetic description:

long mid back vowel

1. [ ɔ: ]

1. [ a: ]

1. [ i: ]

1. [ u: ]

10. Which of the following statements is correct?

1. Phonology aims to provide the set of features, or properties that can describe all sounds in human language.

1. Phonology deals with the articulatory and acoustic aspects of speech sounds.

1. Phonology provides the means for describing speech sounds.

1. Phonology studies the ways phonemes function in language

11. Which of the following is the phonetic transcription of this form “tank”?

1. [ 'tængk ] B. [ ' tænk ] C. [ 'tæŋk ] D. [ ' th æŋk ]

1. [ 'tængk ]

1. [ ' tænk ]

1. [ 'tæŋk ]

1. [ 'thæŋk ]

12. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1. A minimal pair consists of two forms with distinct meanings that differ only by one segment in the same position of each form.

1. Minimal pair test is a basic test for deciding which sounds are the allophones of the phoneme

1. Minimal pairs consist of forms that are placed along the horizontal axis with respect to their place of articulation and the vertical axis to their manner of articulation

1. Minimal pairs help us establish which sounds contrast in a language

13. Which of the following groups contains a segment that differs in manner of articulation from the other segments?

1. [ θ, ð, s, z ]

1. [ w, r, j, l ]

1. [ p, b, z, d ]

1. [ t, d, g, p ]

14. Which of the following phonetic variations that may happen to the lateral [ l ] in this context: [ 'æŋkl ] ankle?

1. [ l ] becomes devoiced after voiced stop [ k ]

1. [ l ] becomes syllabic after voiced stop [ k ]

1. [ l ] becomes unaspirated after voiced stop [ k ]

1. [ l] becomes aspirated after voiced stop [ k ]

15. Which of the following statements is correct?

The affricates [ t∫ ] and [ ʤ] are

1. consonants produced with a continuous airflow through the mouth

1. consonants produced with the complete stoppage of the air in the mouth which causes explosion

1. consonants produced with the lowering of the soft palate

1. produced with an initial stop then with a slow separation of the tongue to make friction

16. Which of the following assimilatory processes occurs to the voiceless alveolar [ t ] in this context [that jɪə ] that year

1. [ t ] is aspirated before palatal [ j ]

1. [ t ] is palatalized before palatal [ j ]

1. [ t ] is deleted before palatal [ j ]

1. [ t ] is velarized before palatal [ j ]

17. Which of the following symbols that corresponds to each of the following phonetic description:

voiced velar nasal

1. [ g ] B. [ k ] C. [ ð ] D. [ ŋ ]

18. Which of the following statements is correct?

When two or more sounds never occur in the same phonemic context or environment they are said to be

1. allophones of a phoneme

1. different phonemes

1. identical segments

1. in free variation

19. Which of the following assimilatory processes that may happen to the alveolar [ t ] in this context: [ 'fæt 'gɜːl ] fat girl?

1. [ t ] may be deleted before the velar [ g ]

1. [ t ] may be aspirated before the velar [ g ]

1. [ t ] may be velarized before the velar [ g ]

1. [ t ] may become voiced flap between stressed vowel [ ɪ ] and unstressed vowel [ ə ]