Which of the following are true of the international classification of diseases (icd)?

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a framework for describing functioning and disability in relation to a health condition. It provides a common language and framework for describing the level of function of a person within their unique environment or in other words, what a person with a specific health condition can do in a standard environment (their level of capacity), and also what they actually do in their usual environment (their level of performance), as opposed to classifying the person by their having a specific condition or as a 'Yes/No' answer regarding disability. World Physiotherapy adopted a motion supporting the implementation of the ICF in physiotherapy in 2003.

The ICF is a framework to approach patient care that shifts the conceptual emphasis away from negative connotations such as disability and places focus on function and the positive abilities of the individual at the patient level rather than the systems level. The video below (3.47 minutes) gives a good introduction to the ICF.

The ICF focuses on three components, which underscores the importance of the interplay and influence of both internal and external factors to each individual’s health status.:

  • Body Functions and Structures
  • Activities and Participation (at individual and societal levels)
  • Personal and Environmental Factors (at a contextual level).

Body Functions and Structures[edit | edit source]

Definitions:

  • Body Functions: The physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions)
  • Body Structures: Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components
  • Impairments: Problems in body function and structure such as significant deviation or loss


Examples:

  • b28010 Pain in head and neck
  • s720 Structure of shoulder region
  • s810 Structures of areas of skin


Note that codes relating to body functions start with 'b' while codes relating to body structures start with 's.'

Activities and Participation[edit | edit source]

Definitions:

  • Activity: The execution of a task or action by an individual
  • Activity Limitations: Difficulties an individual may have in executing activities
  • Participation: Involvement in a life situation
  • Participation Restrictions: Problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations


Examples:

  • d230 Carrying out daily routine
  • d420 Transferring oneself
  • d475 Driving
  • d530 Toileting
  • d910 Community life
  • d920 Recreation and leisure


Note that codes relating to both activities and participation start with the letter d.

Definition:

The physical, social and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives. These are either barriers to or facilitators of the person's functioning.

Examples:

  • e115 Products and technology for personal use in daily living
  • e155 Design, construction and building products and technology of buildings for private use
  • e210 Physical geography
  • e355 Health professionals


Note that codes relating to environmental factors start with the letter e.

Personal Factors should also be considered in this model but are not classified within the actual ICF framework.

Each component is divided into a hierarchy with an additional digit added to the classification code for each subsequent layer in the hierarchy. The hierarchy is as follows;

  • Component e.g. Activities and participation
  • Chapter e.g. Mobility (Chapter 4)
  • Block e.g. Walking and Moving (d450-d469)
  • Two-level Category e.g. Moving around in different locations (d460)
  • Three-level Category e.g. Moving around within the home (d4600)

A generic qualifier scale can be used to record the extent of the problem for each identified impairment, activity limitation and participation restriction. Environmental factors can also be qualified as either barriers or facilitators.

Qualifier for Impairments of Body Functions & StructuresQualifier for Impairments of Activities & Participation0No impairmentNo difficulty1Mild impairment:

Present <25% of time, with tolerable intensity, occurring rarely over last 30 days

Mild difficulty

Present <25% of time, with tolerable intensity, occurring rarely over last 30 days

2Moderate Impairment

Present <50% of time, with intensity that interferes with day to day lift, occurring occasionally over last 30 days

Moderate Difficulty

Present <50% of time, with intensity that interferes with day to day lift, occurring occasionally over last 30 days

3Severe Impairment

Present >50% of time, with intensity that's partially disrupting day to day lift, occurring frequently over last 30 days

Severe Difficulty

Present >50% of time, with intensity that's partially disrupting day to day lift, occurring frequently over last 30 days)

4Complete Impairment

Present >95% of time, with intensity that's totally disrupting day to day life, occurring daily over last 30 days

Complete Difficulty

Present >95% of time, with intensity that's totally disrupting day to day life, occurring daily over last 30 days

8Not Specified

Insufficient information

Not Specified9Not ApplicableNot ApplicableQualifier for Environmental BarriersQualifier for Environmental Facilitators(.0)No barrier(+0)No facilitator(.1)Mild barrier(+1)Mild facilitator(.2)Moderate barrier(+2)Moderate facilitator(.3)Severe barrier(+3)Substantial facilitator(.4)Complete barrier(+4)Complete facilitator(.8)Barrier, not specified(+8)Facilitator, not specified(.9)Not applicable(+9)Not applicable

Explaining Walking Activity by using ICF model

Definitions;

  • Capacity:
    • What a person can do in a standardised environment e.g. during clinical assessment. It indicates the extent of activity limitation as a direct manifestation of a person's health status, without any assistance (assistance of another person, equipment or environmental modification).
  • Performance:
    • What a person actually does in his/her usual environment e.g. at home. It indicates the extent of participation restriction or the "lived experience" by describing all physical, social and attitudinal environmental factors. It measures the difficulty a person experiences in doing things, assuming that they want to do them.


The gap between these two constructs reflects the impact that different environments can have on activities and participation. This gap can then guide intervention (e.g. on environmental factors) to help improve a patient's performance.

The ICF Core Sets were developed as a practical tool to facilitate the systematic and comprehensive description of functioning in clinical practice. They are compiled in order to provide health care professionals with a better understanding of the needs of their patient populations. Core sets for twelve chronic diseases were initially developed because of their prevalence and the significant impact on function they can cause. With additional Core Sets subsequently developed for various other conditions and populations. All available ICF Core Sets can be viewed here.

How does ICD

Each disease is detailed with diagnostic characteristics and given a unique identifier that is used to code mortality data on death certificates and morbidity data from patient and clinical records. The core of the ICD-10 uses one single list of four-alphanumeric-character codes from A00. 0 to Z99.

Which of the following is true about the ICD

ICD-10-CM codes are alphanumeric, with all codes beginning with a number. ICD-10-CM codes have a maximum of five characters. The letter N is assigned as a fifth character placeholder for certain six-character codes.

What is the purpose of the International Classification of Diseases ICD )? Quizlet?

International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and is used to classify mortality (death) data from death certificates.

What is ICD Why is classification of Diseases necessary?

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is designed to promote international comparability in the collection, processing, classification, and presentation of mortality statistics. This includes providing a format for reporting causes of death on the death certificate.