tell-and-sellThe appraisal interview that assumes that the opportunity to release frustrated feelings will help to reduce or remove the feelings istell-and-listenIn which type of appraisal interview does the interviewer communicate the strong and weak points of an employee's performance during the first part of the interview, and then explore the employee's feelings about the appraisal in the second parttell-and-listenListening, accepting, and responding to feelings are essential elements of this appraisal interviewproblem-solvingThe type of appraisal interview that seeks to stimulate growth and development in the employee by discussing the problems, needs, innovations, satisfactions, and dissatisfactions the employee has encountered on the job is the ___ methodproblem-solvingAs a rule of thumb, a supervisor should spend approximately ___ percent of the time talking during an appraisal interview30 to 35An inappropriate interview technique in which praise serves to cushion criticism by alternating positive statements with negative statements is known asthe sandwich techniqueTips for using criticism constructively includes all of the following exceptuse the "sandwich technique"As an appraiser, you should try to do all of the following exceptchange the person, not the behaviorIt is recommended that a diagnosis of poor employee performance focus on all of the following exceptpersonalityManagers often first assume poor performance of subordinates is due tolack of abilityResearch suggests that when it comes to our own performance, most of us first attribute our bad performance toexternal constraintsSome organizations believe that appraisals are usefulonly for highly effective or ineffective employeesEmployees who earn performance-based pay are more ______satisfiedA new process used by some companies to make sure managers are rating employees consistently is calledcalibrationGiven the complexity of today's jobs, ____ raters should be usedmultipleReasons for not using peer appraisals more frequently all the following exceptadverse court decisionsThe main disadvantage of a BARS is that itrequires considerable time and effort to develop
A ____ one in which all employees of a company are reviewed at the same time of year rather than on the anniversary dates they were hired.
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focal performance appraisal
The federal government begin evaluating employees in 1842, when Congress passed a law mandating yearly performance review for:
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departmental clerks
A problem with performance appraisal includes:
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it tends to focus on short-term objectives rather than long-term learning
One study showed that organizations with strong performance management systems are
____ more likely to outperform their competitors in the areas of revenue growth, productivity, profitability, and market value
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40-50 percent
The two primary purposes of performance appraisals are:
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administrative and developmental.
Administrative purposes of performance appraisal include all of the following
except:
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providing performance feedback
In _____, for example, the Supreme Court ruled that performance appraisals were subject to the same validity criteria as selection procedures.
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Brito v. Zia
Developmental purposes of performance appraisal include all of the following except:
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validating selection procedures
All of the following are reasons why performance appraisal programs fail except:
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There is too much employee input into the development of the appraisal program.
In _____ the U.S. Supreme Court found that employees had been ranked against a vague standard, open to each supervisor’s own interpretation.
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Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody
Goal setting has been shown to improve employee performance, typically ranging from _____.
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10 to 25 percent
If a manager rates an employee higher than he or she deserves in order to
look good as a manager in the eyes of his or her own superiors, this is an example of:
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organizational politics
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the trait method of appraisals?
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High potential for rating errors
The strategic relevance of performance appraisals refers to:
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the extent to which standards relate to the overall objectives of the organization.
Freedom from criterion deficiency of
performance appraisals refers to the extent to which:
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standards capture the entire range of an employee’s responsibilities.
If the performance evaluations that salespeople receive are based solely on sales revenue to the exclusion of other important factors, the instrument suffers from:
8
criterion deficiency.
Which of the following is NOT a frequently cited reason as to why performance appraisal systems may not be effective.
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adequate preparation on the part of management
If a performance standard is found to be stable or consistent over time, it is said to be:
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reliable.
Reliability in performance appraisal is measured by:
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correlating two sets of ratings made by different raters
Performance appraisals must meet legal requirements because:
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they are used as a basis for HRM actions and decisions
The courts have found that:
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organizations should have carefully defined and measurable performance standards.
In light of recent court rulings, HR managers suggest that performance appraisals should meet all of the following legal guidelines except:
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performance appraisal should rarely be tied to compensation decisions.
In most instances, who is in the best position to perform the function of appraising an employee’s performance?
8
the employee’s supervisor
When the manager and the employee jointly establish future performance goals for each employee, which appraisal source is useful?
8
self appraisal
Performance dimensions of leadership, communication, and coordination of team efforts may best be appraised by:
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subordinates
Managers tend to be more open to the idea of ____ when the information is used for developmental purposes.
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subordinate appraisal
Self-appraisals
are best for:
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developmental purposes.
One advantage of peer appraisals is that:
8
peers may furnish more accurate and valid
Total-quality management concerns have led to the increased use of:
8
team and customer performance appraisals.
TQM and team appraisal are complementary because:
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both focus on performance as a whole, rather than on the individual
Appraisal training for raters
should focus on:
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eliminating subjective errors
A performance-rating error in which the appraiser is reluctant to give employees either unusually high or unusually low ratings is referred to as a:
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error of central tendency
A performance-rating error in which the appraiser tends to give employees either unusually high or unusually low ratings is referred to as a:
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leniency or strictness error
Which method of
performance appraisal requires managers to place a certain percentage of employees into various performance categories?
8
forced-distribution method
If you rate an employee’s performance based largely on the employee’s recent behavior, you are committing a:
8
recency error.
If you rate an average employee’s performance high because you compared the employee to poor performers, you are committing a:
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contrast error.
If you inflate the evaluation of people with whom you have something in common, you are committing a:
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similar-to-me error
A feedback training program for performance appraisal raters should cover at least all of the following areas except:
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developing independent learning objectives
Performance appraisal methods can be broadly classified as either ____, ____, or ____ approaches.
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trait, behavioral, results
In
the ____ method, each trait or characteristic to be rated is represented by a scale on which a rater indicates the degree to which an employee possesses that trait or characteristic.
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graphic rating scale
Which rating format uses three specific behavioral descriptions relevant to each trait and then asks supervisors to evaluate whether an employee’s behavior is better than, equal to, or worse than the standard for each behavior?
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mixed-standard scale
A method of rating performance in which the rater chooses from statements that appear equally favorable or equally unfavorable is known as the
8
forced-choice method.
The primary limitation of the forced-choice method of appraisal is:
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the cost of establishing and maintaining its validity.
Disadvantages of the essay method include all of the following except:
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it must follow a job-specific format.
If
your primary objective for a performance appraisal is to give employees developmental feedback, which of the following appraisal methods should you use?
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behavioral
What is step one of the MBO process?
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Develop organization goals and metrics
The type of scale that uses critical incidents as examples of different points along the scale is known as:
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the behaviorally anchored rating scale
One major advantage of a
behaviorally anchored rating scale is that:
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it requires a great deal of employee participation, which leads to acceptance.
The procedures followed to develop a behaviorally anchored rating scale typically result in scales that:
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have content validity
A performance appraisal approach designed to measure how frequently employees exhibit certain behaviors is:
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a behavior observation scale.
Which of the following is
NOT a component of the Balanced Scorecard Approach?
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competitors
If an appraisal focuses on a narrow set of results criteria to the exclusion of other important process issues, the system may suffer from:
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criterion deficiency
Requirements for successful MBO programs include all of the following except:
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both trait and critical incident objectives must be set.
The appraisal system based on the concept that
learning helps organizations improve their internal processes and allows individuals to see how their performance ties in with the firm is:
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balanced scorecard approach
The appraisal system that takes into account financial, customer, processes, and learning categories is called:
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balanced scorecard approach
The choice of an appraisal method should be largely based on:
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the purpose of the appraisal.
Which one of
the following has not been cited as a reason for failure of performance management systems?
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They are too simple.
The appraisal interview should be divided into two sessions, one each for:
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performance review and developmental planning
The appraisal interview:
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should be held in two segments because the rater must perform the role of both evaluator and counselor.
Three different approaches to performance
appraisal interviews analyzed by Norman R. F. Maier are:
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tell-and-sell, tell-and listen, and problem-solving.
The appraisal interview that requires interviewers to possess the ability to persuade an employee to change in a prescribed manner is:
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tell-and-sell.
The appraisal interview that assumes that the opportunity to release frustrated feelings will help to reduce or remove the feelings is:
8
tell-and-listen.
In
which type of appraisal interview does the interviewer communicate the strong and weak points of an employee’s performance during the first part of the interview, and then explore the employee’s feelings about the appraisal in the second part?
8
tell-and-listen
Listening, accepting, and responding to feelings are essential elements of this appraisal interview:
8
problem-solving.
The type of appraisal interview that seeks to stimulate growth
and development in the employee by discussing the problems, needs, innovations, satisfactions, and dissatisfactions the employee has encountered on the job is the ____ method.
8
problem-solving
As a rule of thumb, a supervisor should spend approximately ____ percent of the time talking during an appraisal interview.
8
30 to 35
An inappropriate interview technique in which praise serves to cushion criticism by alternating positive statements
with negative statements is known as:
8
the sandwich technique.
Tips for using criticism constructively includes all of the following except:
8
use the “sandwich technique”
As an appraiser, you should try to do all of the following except:
8
change the person, not the behavior.
It is recommended that a diagnosis of poor employee performance focus on all of the following except:
8
personality.
Managers often first assume poor performance of subordinates is due to:
8
lack of ability
Research suggests that when it comes to our own performance, most of us first attribute our bad performance to:
8
external constraints
Some organizations believe that appraisals are useful
8
only for highly effective or ineffective employees.
Employees who earn performance-based pay are more _________.
8
satisfied
A new process used by some companies to make sure managers are rating employees consistently is called ___________.
8
calibration
Given the complexity of today’s jobs, __________ raters should be used.
8
multiple
Reasons for not using peer appraisals more frequently all the following except:
8
adverse court decisions
The main disadvantage of a BARS is that it:
8
requires considerable time and effort to develop