What are common manifestations associated with type 2 diabetes select all that apply?
Your chances of developing type 2 diabetes depend on a combination of risk factors. Although you can’t change risk factors related to family history, age, race, or ethnicity, you may be able to avoid some risk factors by maintaining a healthy weight and being physically active.1 Show
Read about risk factors for type 2 diabetes below, and see which ones apply to you. Acting on the factors you can change may help delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. What are the risk factors for type 2 diabetes?Diabetes type 2 can affect people at any age. You can develop type 2 diabetes at any age, even during childhood. You are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes if you1
Children and teens are also at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes if, in addition to the previous risk factors, they were born with a low birth weight or if their parent had gestational diabetes while pregnant with the child.1 You are encouraged to talk with a doctor about any of the health conditions listed above that may require medical treatment. Managing health problems may help reduce your chances of developing type 2 diabetes.2 Also, ask your doctor about any medicines you or your child take that might increase your risk. You can also take the Diabetes Risk Test to learn more about your risk for type 2 diabetes. Does your weight put you at risk for type 2 diabetes?If you have overweight or obesity, you may be able to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes by losing weight and being more physically active.1 To see if your weight may put you at risk for type 2 diabetes, learn your body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Body mass indexYour BMI can help you tell if you are at a healthy weight or have overweight or obesity. Most adults with a BMI of 25 or higher are overweight and have a higher risk of developing If you are an adult, use the BMI calculator to learn your body mass index. BMI for children and teens depends on their sex and age. You can use a different BMI calculator to find out if a child or teen has overweight or obesity. Waist circumferenceAnother way to estimate your risk of developing diabetes is to measure your waist circumference. Men have a higher risk of developing diabetes if their waist circumference is more than 40 inches, while women who are not pregnant have a higher risk if their waist circumference is more than 35 inches.6,7 Waist circumference is an indirect measurement of the amount of fat in your abdomen. Having a large waist circumference is a risk factor for diabetes and heart disease, even if you have a normal BMI. References Medically Reviewed by Michael Dansinger, MD on December 06, 2020 Type 2 diabetes
is a lifelong disease that keeps your body from using insulin the way it should. People with type 2 diabetes are said to have insulin resistance. People who are middle-aged or older are most likely to get this kind of diabetes. It used to be called adult-onset diabetes. But type 2 diabetes also affects kids and
teens, mainly because of childhood obesity. Type 2 is the most common type of diabetes. There are about 29 million people in the U.S. with type 2. Another 84 million have
prediabetes, meaning their blood sugar (or blood glucose) is high but not high enough to be diabetes yet. The symptoms of type 2 diabetes can be so mild that you don't notice them. About 8 million people who have it don't know it. Symptoms include: If you have dark rashes around your neck or armpits, see your doctor. These are called acanthosis nigricans, and they can be signs that your body is
becoming resistant to insulin. Your pancreas makes a hormone called insulin. It helps your cells turn glucose, a type of sugar, from the food you eat into energy. People with type 2 diabetes make insulin, but their cells don't use it as well as they should. At first, your
pancreas makes more insulin to try to get glucose into your cells. But eventually, it can't keep up, and the glucose builds up in your blood instead. Usually, a combination of things
causes type 2 diabetes. They might include: Certain things make it more likely that you’ll get type 2 diabetes. The more of these
that apply to you, the higher your chances of getting it are. Some things are related to who you are: Risk factors related to your health and medical history include: Other things that raise your
risk of diabetes have to do with your daily habits and lifestyle. These are the ones you can do something about: Your doctor can test your blood for signs of type 2 diabetes. Usually, they’ll test you on 2 days to
confirm the diagnosis. But if your blood glucose is very high or you have many symptoms, one test may be all you need. Managing type 2 diabetes includes a mix of lifestyle changes and medication. Lifestyle changes You may be able to reach your target
blood sugar levels with diet and exercise alone. Medication If lifestyle changes don’t get you to your target blood sugar levels, you may need medication. Some of the most common for type 2 diabetes include: Even if you change your lifestyle and take your medicine as directed, your blood sugar may still get worse over time. That doesn’t mean you’ve done something wrong. Diabetes is progressive, and many people eventually need more than one drug. When you take more than one drug to control your type 2 diabetes, that’s called
combination therapy. You and your doctor should work together to find the best mix for you. Usually, you'll keep taking metformin and add something else. What that is may depend on your situation. Some drugs control blood sugar spikes (your doctor may call this hyperglycemia) that come right after meals, for
instance. Others are more effective at stopping drops in blood sugar (hypoglycemia) between meals. Some may help with weight loss or cholesterol, as well as your diabetes. You and your doctor should talk about any possible side effects. Cost may be an issue as well. If you take medication for something else, that will need to be factored into any decision. You’ll need to see your doctor more often when you start taking a new combination of drugs. You might find that adding a second drug doesn’t bring your blood sugar under control. Or the combination of two drugs might work only for a short time. If that happens, your doctor might consider a third noninsulin drug, or you may start insulin therapy. Adopting a healthy lifestyle can help you lower your
risk of diabetes. Over time, high blood sugar can damage and cause problems with your: The best way to avoid these complications is to manage your type 2 diabetes well. There are many medical professionals who can help you live well with diabetes, including: If you were recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, ask your doctor these questions at your next visit. What are the clinical manifestations of diabetes type 2?When signs and symptoms are present, they may include: Increased thirst. Frequent urination. Increased hunger.
What are 5 complications of type 2 diabetes?Short-term complications of type 2 diabetes are hypoglycemia (very low blood glucose) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS), which is very high blood glucose. Long-term complications of type 2 are diabetic retinopathy, kidney disease (nephropathy), diabetic neuropathy, and macrovascular problems.
What is most associated with type 2 diabetes?You are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes if you are age 45 or older, have a family history of diabetes, or are overweight or have obesity. Diabetes is more common in people who are African American, Hispanic/Latino, American Indian, Asian American, or Pacific Islander.
What is the most common complication of type 2 diabetes?Nerve damage (neuropathy): One of the most common diabetes complications, nerve damage can cause numbness and pain. Nerve damage most often affects the feet and legs but can also affect your digestion, blood vessels, and heart.
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