Which client is at risk for the development of a potassium level of 5.5 meq/l (5.5 mmol/l)?
Show
Under a Creative Commons license Open access Highlights• Stratifying high risk surgical patients prone to hyperkalemia is crucial. •Avoid suxamethonium and massive blood transfusion in susceptible patients. •Calcium gluconate has role in stabilizing the myocardium. •A dual therapy of IV insulin-dextrose and IV salbutamol are used as first line therapy. AbstractThis systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol. Search engines like PubMed through HINARI, Cochrane database, GoogleScholar and ScienceDirect were used to find high-level evidence that helps to draw appropriate conclusions. Potassium is a critical electrolyte for cellular functions and its serum concentration must be precisely maintained between 3.5 and 5.5 mEq/L. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial to identify and optimise high risk surgical patients prone to hyperkalemia during preoperative assessment. Elective surgery should be deferred in patients with serum potassium level >6 mEq/L during and appropriate management should be initiated. Given the variable presentation of hyperkalemia, clinicians should have high index of suspicion of potassium disorders among patients with chronic kidney disease, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, burns, recent major trauma and blood transfusion. In high risk surgical patients with a normal range of serum potassium level drugs like suxamethonium and Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be avoided. Goal direct fluid regimes with 0.9% normal saline, a high threshold for blood transfusion and tight glycemic controlled are recommended. IV calcium gluconate, insulin -dextrose regime and diuretics are the main therapeutic options in patients with severe hyperkalemia. KeywordsPotassium Hyperkalemia Perioperative Surgical patient Cited by (0)© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Surgical Associates Ltd. What is High Potassium (Hyperkalemia)?
Prevalence of Hyperkalemia
Diagnosis and Management of Hyperkalemia
Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia
Kidney Disease and Hyperkalemia
Heart Failure and Hyperkalemia
Kidney Disease
References
Download or Print Reading MaterialsWhich client is at risk for the development of a hyperkalemia?The risk of unbalanced electrolytes increases when the kidneys aren't working properly. That means that those with underlying kidney conditions are at a higher risk of developing hyperkalemia. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the most common cause of hyperkalemia.
What does a 5.5 potassium level mean?What is a safe or normal potassium level? A typical potassium level for an adult falls between 3.5 and 5.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L). Hyperkalemia occurs when levels go above 5.5 mmol/L. A reading above 6.5 mmol/L can cause heart problems that require immediate medical attention.
What is the main cause of high potassium?The leading causes of hyperkalemia are chronic kidney disease, uncontrolled diabetes, dehydration, an injury causing severe bleeding, consuming excessive dietary potassium, and some medications.
Which patient is at more risk for an electrolyte imbalance?Electrolyte disorder risks and complications
Mild electrolyte disorders are common in people over 55. Older adults are at higher risk for these disorders, but young people can also have them. Your risk is higher if you have any of the following: Kidney disease.
|