What should be included in the nursing care plan of a client with diabetes insipidus?

CE Connection

doi: 10.1097/01.NME.0000662012.12145.ff

• Free

GENERAL PURPOSE: To provide information on DI. LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES: After completing this continuing-education activity, you should be able to: 1. Identify the causes of DI and the nursing care of a patient with this condition. 2. Recognize the signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of a patient with DI.

1. Compared with a normal urine output of 1 to 2 L per day, an adult with DI may have a daily urine output of up to
1. 2.5 L per day.
2. 5 L per day.
3. 20 L per day.
2. Central DI is caused by
1. an inherited gene.
2. chronic kidney disease.
3. damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland.
3. Causes of nephrogenic DI include a decreased serum
1. potassium level.
2. calcium level.
3. sodium level.
4. The drug most commonly associated with causing nephrogenic DI is
1. lithium.
2. risperidone.
3. sertraline.
5. Individuals may develop nephrogenic DI if they use
1. St. John's wort.
2. alcohol.
3. kava.
6. The three phases of dipsogenic DI include
1. hypokalemia.
2. hypoglycemia.
3. hyponatremia.
7. Signs and symptoms of water intoxication include
1. ataxia.
2. abdominal pain.
3. sinus arrhythmia.
8. Disorders that are associated with dipsogenic DI include
1. lupus erythematosus.
2. Hashimoto thyroiditis.
3. multiple sclerosis.
9. Although dipsogenic DI is seen in a variety of mental health disorders, this condition is most commonly seen in patients with
1. compulsive behaviors.
2. schizophrenia.
3. affective disorders.
10. Potential causes of gestational DI include gestational
1. DM.
2. preeclampsia.
3. hypertension.
11. A distinguishing feature of DI is that the accompanying polyuria and polydipsia
1. are triggered by eating a high-fat meal.
2. are exacerbated by drinking hot liquids.
3. occur both day and night.
12. Young children who have DI may experience
1. diarrhea.
2. excessive crying.
3. developmental delays.
13. Polyuria is confirmed up to age 2 years with a urine output of greater than at least
1. 50 to 75 mL/kg/24 hours.
2. 100 to 110 mL/kg/24 hours.
3. 150 to 200 mL/kg/24 hours.
14. The urine specific gravity in a patient with DI will often be less than
1. 0.950.
2. 1.005.
3. 1.020.
15. The hormone desmopressin will be ordered to replace vasopressin in the body for patients with
1. nephrogenic DI.
2. dipsogenic DI.
3. central DI.
16. When used for nephrogenic DI, what medication allows for water and sodium reabsorption at the proximal tubules, thereby decreasing urine output?
1. thiazide diuretic
2. tolterodine tartrate
3. oxybutynin
17. One of the main complications of DI, dehydration can include all the following symptoms except
1. muscle cramps.
2. confusion.
3. dysphagia.
18. When a patient develops hypernatremia, the first symptom that typically occurs is
1. nausea.
2. thirst.
3. agitation.
19. When caring for a patient with DI, the nurse should monitor for a(n)
1. increase in pulse.
2. increase in BP.
3. decrease in respirations.